A gas burner is a device to generate a flame to heat up products using a gaseous fuel such as acetylene, natural gas or propane. Some burners have an air inlet to mix the fuel gas with air to make a complete combustion. Acetylene is commonly used in combination with oxygen.
It has many applications such as soldering, brazing and welding, the latter using oxygen instead of air for getting a hotter flame which is required for melting steel. For laboratory uses a natural gas fired Bunsen burner is used. For melting metals with melting points of up to 1100 °C such as copper, silver and gold a propane burner with natural drag of air can be used.
Table 1: Flame temperatures of common gases and fuels
Info & Assuming:
- Adiabatic flame
- 20 degrees Celsius 1 bar atmosphere
- Complete combustion (no soot and more blue-like flame is the key) (Stoichiometric)
- Peak Temperature
- Speed of Combustion (has no effect on temp, but more energy released per second (as adiabatic) compared to normal flame)
- Spectral bands also affect colour of flame as of what part and elements of combustion
- Blackbody radiation (colour appearance only because of heat)
- Atmosphere - affects temperature of flame and colour due the atmospheric colour effect
Natural Gas Flame Temperature Video
Table 2: Explosive limits and ignition temperatures of common gases
Note: Atmosphere is air at 20 degrees Celsius.
Table 3: Combustion values of common gases
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